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Building Universal Apps
Why Build Universal Apps?

ZetaChain is a platform that empowers developers to create universal applications capable of seamlessly interacting with any blockchain. Whether your application needs to operate on Ethereum, BNB Chain, Solana, TON, or even non-smart contract blockchains like Bitcoin, ZetaChain provides the infrastructure to make this possible with minimal friction. ZetaChain unifies diverse blockchain ecosystems under a single development framework, enabling your apps to function across all of them effortlessly.

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One of the standout features of ZetaChain is its ability to orchestrate complex transactions across multiple blockchains from a single smart contract. Universal apps built on ZetaChain can manage incoming token transfers and contract calls from different blockchains and initiate outgoing transactions to connected networks—all within a unified framework.

For example, consider an application that needs to interact with both Ethereum and Solana. Traditionally, this would require separate codebases and management of intricate communication protocols between the two chains. With ZetaChain, your universal app seamlessly handles these operations, coordinating transactions across chains without multiple contracts or complex interoperability solutions.

This chain orchestration capability simplifies the development process, reduces the potential for errors, and ensures that your application can scale as it integrates with more blockchains.

When you deploy an app on ZetaChain, it automatically connects to all networks in the ZetaChain ecosystem. As new blockchains are added, your universal app gains compatibility with these networks without any additional effort or modifications to your contract's source code. This forward compatibility is a significant advantage, as it future-proofs your application. You don't have to anticipate which blockchains might become popular or widely adopted in the future; your app will be ready to interact with them as soon as they are integrated into ZetaChain. This not only saves development time but also ensures that your app remains relevant and accessible to users across different blockchain networks.

This feature simplifies maintenance, as you don't need to update your contracts or redeploy your application whenever a new blockchain is connected. Your app can continue to operate smoothly, providing a consistent user experience even as the underlying blockchain landscape evolves.

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One of the core capabilities of universal apps on ZetaChain is the ability to transfer value using native tokens across all connected chains. This means users can perform transactions involving the actual native assets of each blockchain, rather than wrapped or synthetic versions.

For example, users can send native USDC from Ethereum directly to Polygon, or swap native BTC from the Bitcoin network for PEPE tokens on Ethereum. This cross-chain token transfer functionality enhances liquidity and provides a seamless experience, eliminating the need for intermediaries or complex token wrapping mechanisms.

To facilitate these transfers, universal apps have access to unified liquidity pools on ZetaChain. These pools aggregate liquidity from all connected chains, containing tokens that have been transferred to ZetaChain from their respective networks.

Adding liquidity to these unified pools involves transferring tokens to the custody of ZetaChain validators on the connected chains. For instance, ZetaChain validators hold custody of ETH, USDC, and other tokens on Ethereum. This custody mechanism is secured through robust consensus protocols and validator incentives, ensuring the safety of the assets.

This system allows users to send tokens to and from universal apps, as well as directly between connected chains, without the need for centralized exchanges or third-party bridges. It streamlines the user experience and reduces the risks associated with cross-chain transactions, such as double-spending or transaction failures.

By using native tokens, users benefit from the inherent properties of those assets, including their security features, consensus mechanisms, and existing network effects. This enhances trust and reliability in cross-chain operations conducted through ZetaChain-powered universal apps.

ZetaChain runs smart contracts on its Universal Ethereum Virtual Machine (UEVM), which is fully compatible with Ethereum's EVM. This means developers can write smart contracts in Solidity or other EVM-compatible languages, leveraging their existing knowledge and expertise.

The platform supports popular development tools like Foundry, Hardhat, Slither, and Ethers.js right out of the box. This compatibility allows developers to use familiar workflows, debugging tools, and testing frameworks, making the process of building universal apps more efficient and less error-prone.

For instance, if you're accustomed to using Hardhat for compiling and deploying smart contracts on Ethereum, you can continue to use it seamlessly with ZetaChain. This reduces the learning curve and accelerates the development process, enabling you to focus on building innovative features rather than grappling with new tooling or languages.

Another compelling feature of ZetaChain is its Gasless EVM Execution Environment. Universal apps run on ZetaChain's EVM and can be called by users and contracts from all connected chains. When a universal app is called from a connected chain, it requires gas payment only on that connected chain. Execution on ZetaChain does not impose any additional fees, making ZetaChain a cost-effective, gasless environment for deploying contracts. This significantly reduces expenses for end-users and enhances the accessibility of your applications.

For end-users, the gasless execution environment means they can interact with your universal app without worrying about incurring high transaction fees on multiple chains.

Traditional message-passing solutions often lack a dedicated execution environment, meaning every contract call requires gas payments on both ends. This not only increases costs but also adds layers of complexity to transaction handling. ZetaChain's gasless environment eliminates these hurdles, providing a smoother and more efficient pathway for cross-chain contract execution.

ZetaChain provides a comprehensive solution for developing universal applications capable of interacting with any blockchain. Powerful chain orchestration, forward compatibility, native token transfers, and gasless execution environment significantly reduce the technical and financial barriers typically associated with cross-chain app development. By offering a familiar developer experience and ensuring seamless scalability as new blockchains are added, ZetaChain future-proofs applications, making them accessible, efficient, and ready for widespread adoption.